Where the font names come from
A PDF names each font it uses, in the form the program that made the file chose. When a whole font is not needed, only the letters the document uses are embedded. That is a subset, marked by six capital letters and a plus sign in front of the name, as in ABCDEF+NotoSansTelugu. The analyser shows the name without the prefix and notes that it was subset. A font that is not embedded at all is drawn by the reader with the closest font it has, which can change how the page looks; that is normal for the standard fonts such as Helvetica and Times, which every reader carries.
When the name means nothing
Names are whatever the software wrote, not always the font’s real name. A 154-page Telugu novel names several of its fonts TT1D00O00, TT1D39O00 and TTE2371118O00, and nothing in those names says they are Anu legacy fonts. The analyser identifies them from the codes they draw instead. It also compares names with spacing and punctuation ignored, because one font can be written two ways inside the same file.
Type, encoding and the map that matters
Type1 is the older PostScript kind and includes the standard fonts. TrueType is the common desktop kind. Type0 is a composite font addressed by glyph number, which is how Unicode fonts for Indian scripts and for Chinese, Japanese and Korean are commonly embedded. Type3 fonts are drawn as small pictures.
The encoding says how the codes in the file relate to letters. WinAnsiEncoding is the standard Western set, and needs nothing more to be copied correctly. Identity-H means glyph numbers, and without a ToUnicode map there is no way back to letters. A predefined Unicode CMap, such as those used for Chinese, carries the letters itself. A legacy font has a map that gives the wrong letters. The analyser’s Unicode mapping column says which of these each font has.
Other ways to see the font list
Adobe Acrobat Reader lists fonts under File › Properties › Fonts, marking each as embedded or embedded subset. The pdffonts command from Poppler prints the name, type and encoding with yes-or-no columns for embedded, subset and a ToUnicode map. Neither tells you whether that map is right, which for an Indian-language PDF is the question that matters. The PDF viewer built into most browsers does not list fonts at all.